Investigation of Fasting Ratio of C-Peptide/Glucose and Related Markers in Diabetes

Background: Authors have continued research concerning Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) and its related biomarkers. We also investigated correlation among several factors such as daily profile, fasting and average of blood glucose, Morbus value, and insulin and C-peptide.

Subjects and Methods: Subjects were patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), classified into three groups due to HbA1c value. Methods included 1) basal blood exams, 2) intake of Calorie Restriction (CR) meal with 1400kcal/day with 60% of carbohydrates, 3) check of daily blood glucose 7 times a day, 4) calculation of average glucose and M value, 5) analyses of biomarkers.

Results: Average blood glucose was 168 mg/dL, 206 mg/dL, 265mg/dL in low, middle, high group, respectively. Fasting ratio of C-peptide/glucose in 3 groups was 0.37, 0.34, 0.26, respectively period. There was significant correlation among HbA1c, M value and fasting ratio of C-peptide/glucose.

Discussion and Conclusion: Among 3 groups, high group revealed lower tendency of fasting C-peptide and fasting ratio of C-peptide/glucose than other groups, suggesting that high group might has lower ability of insulin secretion. Fasting ratio of C-peptide/glucose would be useful for indicating beta cell function and predicting insulin requirement in clinical practice.

Keywords: Fasting ratio of C-peptide/glucose; Calorie Restriction (CR); C-peptide (CP); type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); C-peptide index (CPI).